Sound
1820: Hans Oersted discovers relationship between electricity and magnets. Andre-Marie Ampere (note the name) discovers that wires exert magnetic force on each other.
1873: James Maxwell establishes theory on electromagnetism (still used).
1878: Oberlin Smith writes about magnetic recording in Electrical World magazine.
1894: Valdemar Poulsen discovered principles of magnetic recording.
1900: Prototype of Telegraphone built, it was first successful magnetic sound recorder.
1905: American Telegraphone Company sells Poulsen's machines
1927: Vacuum tubes and AC biasing improve the quality and practicality of magnetic recording. Carlson and Carpenter patent AC biasing.
1928: Fritz Pfleumer patents tape-recording (magnetic powder on paper/ film).
1930s: AEG improves commercial development of tape recorder. Germany's Magnetophone premiered at Berlin Radio Fair, shocked audiences.
1937: Clarence Hickman of Bell Labs found new material to lessen amount of material used in recording.
1948: Ampex and Magnecord steal AEG model during WWII. Multi-channel and multi-track recording soon revolutionized tape-recording.
1965: 8-track introduced.
1970: cassette deck introduced.
Video
1950: After WWII, video signal recording was a new goal. Bing Crosby helped fund first multitrack tapes for large bandwidth. VERA by the BBC was inspired by their works.
1956: Ampex's Quadruplex 2 Inch; tape moved at 15 in/sec, same as audio recording. Soon released VRX-1000, equivalent of $650,000 today, was first practical video tape recorder. Could only be played back 30 times.
1958: RCA and NBC broadcast first prime-time color show from videotape.
1960s: Sony and Philips develop VTRs.
1970: Sony releases videocassette recorder (VCR).
1980: Philips releases VHS format cassettes.
Computes
1951: Magnetic tape for storage in UNIVAC.
1955: Magnetic hard disks in IBM 350.
1967: IBM 370 used semi-conductor.
1971: magnetic disk enclosed in envelope (floppy disk).
1980s: Sony's 3.5 inch floppy released.
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